ABOUT DESIGN-BID-BUILD
Definitions of Design-Bid-Build and Design-Build
There are multiple methods by which an owner can procure design and construction services. The two most common these days are design-bid-build and design-build. However, there is often confusion as to what each of these entails.
Design-Bid-Build
- This is the traditional process for project delivery and includes three separate roles – owner, architect and builder. The owner contracts with an architect to design the building; uses these design documents to obtain bids for construction; then contracts with contractor to construct the building. It is most often used in public projects to secure lowest project cost.
Key characteristics include:
- Three roles – owner, designer, builder
- Two separate contracts – owner-designer and owner-builder
- Final contractor selected based on lowest reasonable bid or total contract price
- Linear process for design, bid and construction
- Linear process and different companies doing design and construction can make communication difficult
Design-Build
- In this process, the owner contracts with a single entity, a firm that will both design and construct the building. This consolidated entity provides both design and construction services. The design-builder may be led by an architect or a general contractor, but all services are within the same company. As such, you need to consider the experience and capabilities of the firm, especially if your project may have special design or construction issues.
Key characteristics include:
- Owner contracts with a single entity – therefore only two roles, owner and design-builder
- Single point of responsibility for all design and construction issues
- Overlapping design and construction phases – can allow for quicker delivery of project
- May not be able to deal with special design issues or construction circumstances
- Owner may use lowest bid approach to overall project, similar to design-bid-build
- Because entire team is on project from beginning, communication issues may be easier between design team and construction team
While there is a single contract, the owner should be aware that the design-builder may still work with subcontractors.
See Primer on Project Delivery developed by the American Institute of Architects and the Associated General Contractors of America for further detailed explanations.













